CELPIP Reading for Information Environmental Management
CELPIP Reading for Information Environmental Management
This Reading Module has 9 questions similar to the kinds of questions that you can expect to find on an actual CELPIP Test. Practice Celpip Test Reading for Information “Environmental Management” with answers. celpipmaterial.com
Time: 10 minutes
Part 1
Directions: Read the following information passage.
A. The role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often, however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidize the exploitation and consumption of natural resources. A whole range of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.
B. No activity affects more of the earth’s surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet’s land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the 1970s and 1980s.
C. All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one- fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America. celpipmaterial .com
D. Government policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense: about $250 billion, or more than all World Bank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer’s easiest option is to use more of the most readily available inputs: fertilizers and pesticides. Fertilizer use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960-1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 per cent. The quantity of pesticides applied has risen too: by 69 per cent in 1975-1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 per cent in the frequency of application in the three years from 1981.
E. Not in any of the paragraphs.
Part 2
Questions
Q1. The probable effects of the new international trade agreement are signed by the foreign traders.
A B C D E
Q2. The harmful impacts on environment because of modern farming techniques.
A B C D E
Q3. Farming and soil erosion merely effects the environment because of its important constituents. celpip material.com
A B C D E
Q4. The effects of government policy in rich countries have elevated the cost of land.
A B C D E
Q5. The part of Government and management is arduous but unavoidable.
A B C D E
Q6. After the mid 1900’s, the usage and amount of chemicals elevated dramatically.
A B C D E
Q7. Factors responsible for the augmentation of farming and food output in the 20th Century.
A B C D E
Q8. The effects of government policy cause harm to the environment.
A B C D E
Q9. The new prospects for world trade and economy is the main focus of government. celpipmaterial.com
A B C D E
CELPIP Reading for Information Environmental Management Answers
1. E
2. C(para 3 line 5)
3. E
4. D(para 4 line 3)
5. A(para1 line 1)
6. D(para 4 line 11)
7. B(para 2 last 2 lines)
8. A(para 1 line 8) celpipmaterial.com
9. E
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